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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2194-9034</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/isprsarchives-XL-1-W5-639-2015</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>PROPOSING A MULTI-CRITERIA PATH OPTIMIZATION METHOD IN ORDER TO PROVIDE A UBIQUITOUS PEDESTRIAN WAYFINDING SERVICE</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Sahelgozin</surname>
<given-names>M.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Sadeghi-Niaraki</surname>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Dareshiri</surname>
<given-names>S.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>GIS Dept., Geoinformation Technology Center of Excellence, Faculty of Geodesy&amp;Geomatics Engineering K.N.Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>11</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>XL-1/W5</volume>
<fpage>639</fpage>
<lpage>644</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2015 M. Sahelgozin et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XL-1-W5/639/2015/isprs-archives-XL-1-W5-639-2015.html">This article is available from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XL-1-W5/639/2015/isprs-archives-XL-1-W5-639-2015.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XL-1-W5/639/2015/isprs-archives-XL-1-W5-639-2015.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XL-1-W5/639/2015/isprs-archives-XL-1-W5-639-2015.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>A myriad of novel applications have emerged nowadays for different types of navigation systems. One of their most frequent
applications is &lt;i&gt;Wayfinding&lt;/i&gt;. Since there are significant differences between the nature of the pedestrian wayfinding problems and of
those of the vehicles, navigation services which are designed for vehicles are not appropriate for pedestrian wayfinding purposes. In
addition, diversity in environmental conditions of the users and in their preferences affects the process of pedestrian wayfinding with
mobile devices. Therefore, a method is necessary that performs an intelligent pedestrian routing with regard to this diversity. This
intelligence can be achieved by the help of a &lt;i&gt;Ubiquitous&lt;/i&gt; service that is adapted to the &lt;i&gt;Contexts&lt;/i&gt;. Such a service possesses both the
&lt;i&gt;Context-Awareness&lt;/i&gt; and the &lt;i&gt;User-Awareness&lt;/i&gt; capabilities. These capabilities are the main features of the ubiquitous services that make
them flexible in response to any user in any situation. In this paper, it is attempted to propose a multi-criteria path optimization method
that provides a Ubiquitous Pedestrian Way Finding Service (UPWFS). The proposed method considers four criteria that are
summarized in &lt;i&gt;Length, Safety, Difficulty&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Attraction&lt;/i&gt; of the path. A conceptual framework is proposed to show the influencing
factors that have effects on the criteria. Then, a mathematical model is developed on which the proposed path optimization method is
based. Finally, data of a local district in Tehran is chosen as the case study in order to evaluate performance of the proposed method
in real situations. Results of the study shows that the proposed method was successful to understand effects of the contexts in the
wayfinding procedure. This demonstrates efficiency of the proposed method in providing a ubiquitous pedestrian wayfinding service.</p>
</abstract>
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