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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2194-9034</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/isprsarchives-XL-2-W1-169-2013</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>UNCERTAINTIES IN NAVIGATION OF ELDERLY PEOPLE IN TOWNS &amp;ndash; THE ASSISTANT PROJECT</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Kainz</surname>
<given-names>W.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Kalian</surname>
<given-names>K.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Department of Geography and Regional Research, University of Vienna, Universitätsstraße 7, A-1010 Vienna, Austria</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>14</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>XL-2/W1</volume>
<fpage>169</fpage>
<lpage>172</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2013 W. Kainz</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2013</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XL-2-W1/169/2013/isprs-archives-XL-2-W1-169-2013.html">This article is available from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XL-2-W1/169/2013/isprs-archives-XL-2-W1-169-2013.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XL-2-W1/169/2013/isprs-archives-XL-2-W1-169-2013.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XL-2-W1/169/2013/isprs-archives-XL-2-W1-169-2013.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>The ASSISTANT project contributes to maintaining the mobility of older people in Europe, in order to safeguard their social and
economic participation in an increasingly ageing society. It does this by helping them to travel safely and independently by public
transport. This three-year project develops an application for the home PC and smartphone that designed to help older travelers to
plan their public transport journeys and then receive guidance during their journey. This guidance will help them to find the vehicle
they need, warn them when to get off, when and where to change to another route, and will provide assistance if something goes
wrong. There are several stages in the guidance where uncertainties play a major role and have an effect on the quality of the trip.
The major uncertainty is with the location services when GPS reception in poor or impossible due to urban canyons or the user being
under ground or in a tunnel. In addition, when waiting at a stop where for instance several buses might arrive at the same time, it
could be difficult to identify the correct bus to board. This paper explains the overall design of the ASSISTANT project and
addresses some of the issues related to positional uncertainties.</p>
</abstract>
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