ISPRS-Archives The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ISPRS-Archives Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci. 2194-9034 Copernicus Publications Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/isprsarchives-XL-2-W4-79-2015 A REVIEW OF MULTI-HAZARD RISK ASSESSMENT (MHRA) USING 4D DYNAMIC MODELS Bibi T. 1 Rahman A. A. 1 Department of Geoinformation, Faculty of Geoinformation and Real Estate, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia 19 10 2015 XL-2/W4 79 81 Copyright: © 2015 T. Bibi 2015 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This article is available from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XL-2-W4/79/2015/isprs-archives-XL-2-W4-79-2015.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XL-2-W4/79/2015/isprs-archives-XL-2-W4-79-2015.pdf

This paper reviews the 4D dynamic models for multi natural hazard risk assessment. It is important to review the characteristic of the different dynamic models and to choose the most suitable model for certain application. The characteristic of the different 4D dynamic models are based on several main aspects (e.g. space, time, event or phenomenon etc.). The most suitable 4D dynamic model depends on the type of application it is used for. There is no single 4D Dynamic model suitable for all types of application. Therefore, it is very important to define the requirements of the 4D Dynamic model. The main context of this paper is spatio temporal modelling for multi hazards.