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<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2194-9034</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/isprsarchives-XL-5-W5-139-2015</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>A MODULAR GEOMETRIC MODEL FOR UNDERWATER PHOTOGRAMMETRY</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Maas</surname>
<given-names>H.-G.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>TU Dresden, Institute of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Helmholtzstr. 10, 01069 Dresden, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>09</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>XL-5/W5</volume>
<fpage>139</fpage>
<lpage>141</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2015 H.-G. Maas</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
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<abstract>
<p>Underwater applications of photogrammetric measurement techniques usually need to deal with multimedia photogrammetry
aspects, which are characterized by the necessity of handling optical rays that are broken at interfaces between optical media with
different refrative indices according to Snell’s Law. This so-called multimedia geometry has to be incorporated into geometric
models in order to achieve correct measurement results.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
The paper shows a flexible yet strict geometric model for the handling of refraction effects on the optical path, which can be
implemented as a module into photogrammetric standard tools such as spatial resection, spatial intersection, bundle adjustment or
epipolar line computation. The module is especially well suited for applications, where an object in water is observed by cameras in
air through one or more plane parallel glass interfaces, as it allows for some simplifications here.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="3"/></counts>
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