THE REPRESENTATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE FROM TRADITIONAL DRAWING TO 3 D SURVEY : THE CASE STUDY OF CASAMARY ’ S ABBEY

(laser scanner, photogrammetric, topographic and traditional direct), rather than those relating to the interpretation of the data. Yet in the methods of traditional representation, the data interpretation, such as that of the philological reconstruction, constitutes the most

and Critical Survey (Francovich, 1985;Brogiolo, 1991;Carbonara, 1985;Doglioni -Gabbiani, 1985;Parenti, 1985).For that purpose, the drawings should be able to describe all the characteristic features of the building, in addition to numeric and dimensional ones: the masonry layers, the characteristics and the material properties, the working and installation, the construction  Rondinini (1207) details, architectural anomalies and the building phases etc.This process, in order to be it as much empathy with the surveyed bject (Bertocci -Bini, 2012, p.317), it is necessary that the scholar of an architectural work, should devote a special attention to matching survey -object, in his dual role of surveyor and renderer, guaranteed only by a direct contact with the architectural ZRUN DQG VXUYH\ UHSUHVHQWDWLRQ DFFRUGLQJ WR ZHOOGH¿QHG VSHFL¿FDWLRQV ZKLFK VXUYH\ GUDZLQJV VKRXOG DOZD\V JXLGHG E\ In view of these considerations, survey drawings (Figure 1a

THE CASAMARI'S ABBEY AT VEROLI
The object of study, which is the complex of the Casamari's Abbey, is a test case where to apply a survey methodology that takes into account both the morphological aspects as those constructive and transformative ones.The complex, located near the town of Veroli (Lazio) and composed by various buildings (including the church, the cloister, the museum, the refectory, the dormitory) spread over a large area (about 26,600 m 2 ), it is one of most important examples of Cistercian architecture in Italy.

Study and survey on the current status
In

Analysis and comparison
On the basis of the survey drawings, comparing them with historical documents it was possible to carry out some analysis UHJDUGLQJ VSHFL¿F LVVXHV D DQDO\VLV RI WKH SODQLPHWULF FRQ¿JXUDWLRQ E DQDO\VLV RI PDVRQU\ W\SHV DQG GHWDLOV F DQDO\VLV RI VWUXFWXUDO DQRPDOLHV DQG GL൵HUHQFHV D $QDO\VLV RI WKH SODQLPHWULF FRQ¿JXUDWLRQ $ ¿UVW OD\RXW GH¿QHG EHWZHHQ DQG DQG GRFXPHQWHG by the map shown in (Rondinini F. 1707) (Figure 2a), develops according to a typical type of Cistercian settlements (also taken in the Abbey of Fossanova, coeval with that of Casamari and made E\ WKH %XUJXQGLDQ ZRUNHUV D VTXDUH FHQWUDO &ODXVWUXP DURXQG which other buildings are located: _ the Basilica to the north, the Dormitorium to the east a second Claustrum, south a building in West; the Abbot's residence disposed on the perimeter wall above the entrance of the complex.On the next map on the Gregorian Cadastre of 1824 and shown in (Enlart C. 1894) (Figure 2b) it  3b, Type E). c) $QDO\VLV RI WKH DQRPDOLHV DQG FRQVWUXFWLYH GL൵HUHQFHV An accurate analysis of the current state, as elaborated by the survey graphics compared with historical documents it allows to highlight certain anomalies and deviations from the ideal geometric conformation, useful for understanding the changes that occurred and previous or current alterations.In particular, concerning the church, in the drawing of the plant are obvious that the projections of the ribs of the voults do not have a linear path but curvilinear (Figure 4a); the projection of the vaults is not placed vertically respect the base of the south wall pillars and this misalignment is also evident in cross section (Figure 4b).In longitudinal and cross section it is still denotes a marked inclination of the intermediate moulding that denouncing D GL൵HUHQFH LQ DOWLWXGH WR ZLWQHVV D FKDQJH LQ WKH VWUXFWXUH WKDQ WKH RSWLPXP FRQ¿JXUDWLRQ SRVVLEO\ GXH WR D GHIHFW LQ WKH RULJLQDO construction.Regarding the bell tower the comparison between the current section of the four-pitched roof covering and the view of Rondinini highlight an original conformation of a more inclined roof.In the section shown by Enlart (1894) the roof is drawn as it is in its present state, but the drawing in broken lines shows a VWHHSHU VHFWLRQ WR WHVWLI\ WKDW WKH URRI GHVWUR\HG LQ D ¿UH DURXQG 1890, was rebuilt at that period (Figures 1a and 1c).Regarding the refectory is evident in the fourth column from the left, a support place as a further backing of vault in correspondence of which in plan is pronounced denotes a shift of the ribs.In the Enlart plan, the refectory has 8 spans and is directly connected with the library (Figure 5a), while in the plan derived from the current survey, set in 7 spans and the 8th corresponds to a space with double height with the masonry of the vault to view and corresponding to the entrance passage to the monastery (built so at a later date to 1894) (Figure 5b).About the cloister, comparing the plan of Rondinini with that one of Enlart, it can observe the transformation occurs in a period between 1707 and 1894 in which, for a continuous series of attached bifore, it follows a series of bifore separated by little walls just as it is in its present state.The detailed survey made it SRVVLEOH WR VSHFLI\ EHWWHU WKH VWXG\ QRWLQJ WKDW WKH ¿UVW ELIRUD RQ the left of the western side of the cloister has three capitals: two on the lower inside arch and one on the upper outside arch (Figure 7KLV ZRXOG LPSO\ D PRUH FRPSOH[ RULJLQDO FRQ¿JXUDWLRQ WKDQ at present.

CONCLUSION
This paper shows only partially the potential that a survey method specializing in the architectural, morphological or constructive studies, can make to the knowledge and understanding of a building complex as well articulated as the Abbey of Casamari.The huge amount of data organized according to a geospatial reference system allows to select some portions of them on the basis of the section planes used in historical designs in order to make a congruent superposition so as to reveal anomalies and GL൵HUHQFHV )LJXUH D E ,Q WKH VXUYH\ GUDZLQJ RI WKH FURVV section, it is possible to see, both in the central nave and in the lateral ones, the supporting structures of the roof trusses, built after 1894 (not visible in the Enlart drawing), and placed on the kidneys of the voults.
,Q ' VXUYH\ WKH DVSHFWV PRVW GLVFXVVHG LQ WKH VFLHQWL¿F FRPPXQLW\ DUH WKRVH UHODWHG WR WKH DFTXLVLWLRQ RI GDWD IURP LQWHJUDWHG VXUYH\ (laser scanner, photogrammetric, topographic and traditional direct), rather than those relating to the interpretation of the data.Yet in the methods of traditional representation, the data interpretation, such as that of the philological reconstruction, constitutes the most LPSRUWDQW DVSHFW ,W LV WKHUHIRUH HVVHQWLDO LQ PRGHUQ V\VWHPV RI VXUYH\ DQG UHSUHVHQWDWLRQ ¿OWHU WKH LQIRUPDWLRQ DFTXLUHG ,Q WKH V\VWHP EDVHG RQ WKH LQWHJUDWHG VXUYH\ WKDW ZH KDYH DGRSWHG WKH ' REMHFW FKDUDFWHUL]HG E\ D FORXG RI JHRUHIHUHQFHG SRLQWV GH¿QHG E\ WKHLU FRORU YDOXHV GH¿QHV WKH FRUH RI WKH HODERUDWLRQ ,W DOORZV WR FDUU\ RXW WDUJHWHG DQDO\VLV XVLQJ VHFWLRQ SODQHV DV D WRRO RI VHOHFWLRQ DQG ¿OWHULQJ GDWD FRPSDUDEOH ZLWK WKRVH RI WUDGLWLRQDO GUDZLQJV In the case study of the Abbey of Casamari (Veroli), one of the most important Cistercian settlement in Italy, the survey made for an Agreement with the Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Activities and Tourism (MiBACT) and University of RomaTre, within the project "Accessment of the sismic safety of the state museum", the reference 3D model, consisting of the superposition and geo-referenced data from various surveys, is the tool with which to develop representative models comparable to traditional ones.It SURYLGHV WKH QHFHVVDU\ VSDWLDO HQYLURPHQW IRU GUDZLQJ XS SODQV DQG VHFWLRQV ZLWK D GH¿QLWLRQ VXFK DV WR GHYHORS WKHPDWLF DQDO\VLV related to phases of construction, state of deterioration and structural features.

Figure 4a .
Figure 4a.Detail of the Plan of the church

Figure
Figure 5a, b.Refectory: Longitudinal Section and Plan

Figure 6 .
Figure 6.Detail of the Cloister