<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/nlm-dtd/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2194-9034</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-1-W1-175-2017</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>GEOREFERENCING IN GNSS-CHALLENGED ENVIRONMENT: INTEGRATING UWB AND IMU TECHNOLOGIES</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Toth</surname>
<given-names>C. K.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Koppanyi</surname>
<given-names>Z.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Navratil</surname>
<given-names>V.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Grejner-Brzezinska</surname>
<given-names>D.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>SPIN Lab, Dept. of Civil, Environmental &amp; Geodetic Eng., The Ohio State University, 2036 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Czech Technical University in Prague, Dept. of Radio Engineering, Technicka 2, 166 27, Praha 6, Czech Republic</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>31</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>XLII-1/W1</volume>
<fpage>175</fpage>
<lpage>180</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2017 C. K. Toth et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2017</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLII-1-W1/175/2017/isprs-archives-XLII-1-W1-175-2017.html">This article is available from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLII-1-W1/175/2017/isprs-archives-XLII-1-W1-175-2017.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLII-1-W1/175/2017/isprs-archives-XLII-1-W1-175-2017.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLII-1-W1/175/2017/isprs-archives-XLII-1-W1-175-2017.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Acquiring geospatial data in GNSS compromised environments remains a problem in mapping and positioning in general. Urban
canyons, heavily vegetated areas, indoor environments represent different levels of GNSS signal availability from weak to no signal
reception. Even outdoors, with multiple GNSS systems, with an ever-increasing number of satellites, there are many situations with
limited or no access to GNSS signals. Independent navigation sensors, such as IMU can provide high-data rate information but their
initial accuracy degrades quickly, as the measurement data drift over time unless positioning fixes are provided from another source.
At The Ohio State University’s Satellite Positioning and Inertial Navigation (SPIN) Laboratory, as one feasible solution, Ultra-
Wideband (UWB) radio units are used to aid positioning and navigating in GNSS compromised environments, including indoor and
outdoor scenarios. Here we report about experiences obtained with georeferencing a pushcart based sensor system under canopied
areas. The positioning system is based on UWB and IMU sensor integration, and provides sensor platform orientation for an
electromagnetic inference (EMI) sensor. Performance evaluation results are provided for various test scenarios, confirming acceptable
results for applications where high accuracy is not required.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="6"/></counts>
</article-meta>
</front>
<body/>
<back>
</back>
</article>