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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2194-9034</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W11-753-2019</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>COMBINATION OF TERRESTRIAL LASERSCANNING, UAV AND CLOSE-RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY FOR 3D RECONSTRUCTION OF COMPLEX CHURCHES IN GEORGIA</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Luhmann</surname>
<given-names>T.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Chizhova</surname>
<given-names>M.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Gorkovchuk</surname>
<given-names>D.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Hastedt</surname>
<given-names>H.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Chachava</surname>
<given-names>N.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Lekveishvili</surname>
<given-names>N.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Jade University, Institute for Applied Photogrammetry and Geoinformatics, Oldenburg, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>University of Bamberg, Digital Technologies in Heritage Conservation, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Ukraine</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>Georgian Technical University, Faculty of Architecture, Urban Planning and Design, Tbilisi, Georgia</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>04</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>XLII-2/W11</volume>
<fpage>753</fpage>
<lpage>761</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: © 2019 T. Luhmann et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2019</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W11-753-2019.html">This article is available from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W11-753-2019.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W11-753-2019.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W11-753-2019.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>&lt;p&gt;In September 2018, photogrammetric images and terrestrial laser scans were carried out as part of a measurement campaign for the three-dimensional recording of several historic churches in Tbilisi (Georgia). The aim was the complete spatial reconstruction with a spatial resolution and accuracy of approx. 1cm under partly difficult external conditions, which required the use of different measurement techniques.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The local measurement data were collected by two laser scanning campaigns (Leica BLK360 and Faro Focus 3D X330), two UAV flights and two terrestrial image sets. The photogrammetric point clouds were calculated with the SfM programs AgiSoft PhotoScan and RealityCapture taking into account the control points from the Faro laser scan. The mean residual errors from the registrations or photogrammetric evaluations are 4-12mm, depending on the selected software. The best completeness and quality of the resulting 3D model was achieved by using laserscan data and images simultaneously.&lt;/p&gt;</p>
</abstract>
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