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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2194-9034</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W3-609-2017</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>4D RECONSTRUCTION AND VISUALIZATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE:
ANALYZING OUR LEGACY THROUGH TIME</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Rodríguez-Gonzálvez</surname>
<given-names>P.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Muñoz-Nieto</surname>
<given-names>A. L.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>del Pozo</surname>
<given-names>S.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Sanchez-Aparicio</surname>
<given-names>L. J.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Gonzalez-Aguilera</surname>
<given-names>D.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Micoli</surname>
<given-names>L.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Gonizzi Barsanti</surname>
<given-names>S.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Guidi</surname>
<given-names>G.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Mills</surname>
<given-names>J.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Fieber</surname>
<given-names>K.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Haynes</surname>
<given-names>I.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Hejmanowska</surname>
<given-names>B.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Department of Cartographic and Land Engineering; High School of Ávila, University of Salamanca, Ávila, Spain</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>School History, Classics and Archaeology, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff5">
<label>5</label>
<addr-line>Stanislaw Staszic Scientific Association, Krakow, Poland</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>23</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>XLII-2/W3</volume>
<fpage>609</fpage>
<lpage>616</lpage>
<permissions>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p/>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W3-609-2017.html">This article is available from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W3-609-2017.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W3-609-2017.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W3-609-2017.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Temporal analyses and multi-temporal 3D reconstruction are fundamental for the preservation and maintenance of all forms of
Cultural Heritage (CH) and are the basis for decisions related to interventions and promotion. Introducing the fourth dimension of
time into three-dimensional geometric modelling of real data allows the creation of a multi-temporal representation of a site. In this
way, scholars from various disciplines (surveyors, geologists, archaeologists, architects, philologists, etc.) are provided with a new
set of tools and working methods to support the study of the evolution of heritage sites, both to develop hypotheses about the past
and to model likely future developments. The capacity to “see” the dynamic evolution of CH assets across different spatial scales
(e.g. building, site, city or territory) compressed in diachronic model, affords the possibility to better understand the present status of
CH according to its history. However, there are numerous challenges in order to carry out 4D modelling and the requisite multi-data
source integration. It is necessary to identify the specifications, needs and requirements of the CH community to understand the
required levels of 4D model information. In this way, it is possible to determine the optimum material and technologies to be utilised
at different CH scales, as well as the data management and visualization requirements. This manuscript aims to provide a
comprehensive approach for CH time-varying representations, analysis and visualization across different working scales and
environments: rural landscape, urban landscape and architectural scales. Within this aim, the different available metric data sources
are systemized and evaluated in terms of their suitability.</p>
</abstract>
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