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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2194-9034</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W7-469-2017</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>PHYSICAL SEISMIC VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT OF TEHRAN USING THE
INTEGRATION OF GRANULAR COMPUTING AND INTERVAL DEMPSTER- SHAFER</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Delavar</surname>
<given-names>M. R.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9654-6491</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Bahrami</surname>
<given-names>M.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Zare</surname>
<given-names>M.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1036-4265</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Center of Excellence in Geomatic Eng. in Disaster Management, School of Surveying and Geospatial Eng., College of Eng., University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>GIS Dept., School of Surveying and Geospatial Eng., College of Eng., University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>International Institute of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering, Tehran, Iran</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>12</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>XLII-2/W7</volume>
<fpage>469</fpage>
<lpage>477</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2017 M. R. Delavar et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2017</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLII-2-W7/469/2017/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W7-469-2017.html">This article is available from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLII-2-W7/469/2017/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W7-469-2017.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLII-2-W7/469/2017/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W7-469-2017.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLII-2-W7/469/2017/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W7-469-2017.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Several faults exist in the vicinity of Tehran, the capital of Iran such as North Tehran, Ray, Mosha and Kahrizak. One way to assist
reducing the damage caused by the earthquake is the production of a seismic vulnerability map. The study area in this research is
Tehran, based on the assumption of the activation of North Tehran fault. Degree of Physical seismic vulnerability caused by the
earthquake depends on a number of criteria. In this study the intensity of the earthquake, land slope, numbers of buildings’ floors as
well as their materials are considered as the effective parameters. Hence, the production of the seismic vulnerability map is a multi
criteria issue. In this problem, the main source of uncertainty is related to the experts’ opinions regarding the seismic vulnerability of
Tehran statistical units. The main objectives of this study are to exploit opinions of the experts, undertaking interval computation and
interval Dempster-Shafer combination rule to reduce the uncertainty in the opinions of the experts and customizing granular
computing to extract the rules and to produce Tehran physical seismic vulnerability map with a higher confidence. Among 3174
statistical units of Tehran, 150 units were randomly selected and using interval computation, their physical vulnerabilities were
determined by the experts in earthquake-related fields. After the fusion of the experts’ opinions using interval Dempster-Shafer, the
information table is prepared as the input to granular computing and then rules are extracted with minimum inconsistency. Finally,
the seismic physical vulnerability map of Tehran was produced with %&amp;thinsp;72 accuracy.</p>
</abstract>
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