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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2194-9034</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-573-2018</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>OBJECT DETECTION FROM MMS IMAGERY USING DEEP LEARNING FOR GENERATION OF ROAD ORTHOPHOTOS</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Li</surname>
<given-names>Y.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Sakamoto</surname>
<given-names>M.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Shinohara</surname>
<given-names>T.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Satoh</surname>
<given-names>T.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>PASCO CORPORATION, 2-8-10 Higashiyama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-0043, Japan</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>XLII-2</volume>
<fpage>573</fpage>
<lpage>577</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2018 Y. Li et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2018</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLII-2/573/2018/isprs-archives-XLII-2-573-2018.html">This article is available from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLII-2/573/2018/isprs-archives-XLII-2-573-2018.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLII-2/573/2018/isprs-archives-XLII-2-573-2018.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLII-2/573/2018/isprs-archives-XLII-2-573-2018.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>In recent years, extensive research has been conducted to automatically generate high-accuracy and high-precision road orthophotos using images and laser point cloud data acquired from a mobile mapping system (MMS). However, it is necessary to mask out non-road objects such as vehicles, bicycles, pedestrians and their shadows in MMS images in order to eliminate erroneous textures from the road orthophoto. Hence, we proposed a novel vehicle and its shadow detection model based on Faster R-CNN for automatically and accurately detecting the regions of vehicles and their shadows from MMS images. The experimental results show that the maximum recall of the proposed model was high &amp;ndash; 0.963 (intersection-over-union &amp;gt;&amp;thinsp;0.7) &amp;ndash; and the model could identify the regions of vehicles and their shadows accurately and robustly from MMS images, even when they contain varied vehicles, different shadow directions, and partial occlusions. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the quality of road orthophoto generated using vehicle and its shadow masks was significantly improved as compared to those generated using no masks or using vehicle masks only.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="5"/></counts>
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