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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2194-9034</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-3-W12-2020-7-2020</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>3D RECONSTRUCTION OF CITRUS TREES USING AN OMNIDIRECTIONAL OPTICAL SYSTEM</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Castanheiro</surname>
<given-names>L. F.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Tommaselli</surname>
<given-names>A. M. G.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0483-1103</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Campos</surname>
<given-names>M. B.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Berveglieri</surname>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Santos</surname>
<given-names>G.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Department of Cartography, São Paulo State University (UNESP) at Presidente Prudente, São Paulo 19060-900, Brazil</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Department of Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute FGI, Geodeetinrinne 2, FI-02430 Masala, Finland</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>04</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>XLII-3/W12-2020</volume>
<fpage>7</fpage>
<lpage>12</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2020 L. F. Castanheiro et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2020</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLII-3-W12-2020/7/2020/isprs-archives-XLII-3-W12-2020-7-2020.html">This article is available from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLII-3-W12-2020/7/2020/isprs-archives-XLII-3-W12-2020-7-2020.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLII-3-W12-2020/7/2020/isprs-archives-XLII-3-W12-2020-7-2020.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLII-3-W12-2020/7/2020/isprs-archives-XLII-3-W12-2020-7-2020.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>This paper presents a feasibility study on the use of omnidirectional systems for 3D modelling of agricultural crops, aiming a systematic monitoring. Omnidirectional systems with multiple sensors have been widely used in close-range photogrammetry (CRP), which can be a good alternative to provide data for digital agriculture management. The GoPro Fusion dual-camera is the omnidirectional system used in this work. This system is composed of two cameras with fisheye lenses that cover more than 180° each one in back-to-back position. System calibration, camera orientation and 3D reconstruction of an agricultural cultivated area were performed in Agisoft Metashape software. A 360° calibration field based on coded targets (CTs) from Agisoft Metashape software was used to calibrate the omnidirectional system. The 3D reconstruction of an orange orchard was performed using fisheye images taken with GoPro Fusion. The results show the potential of using an omnidirectional system for 3D modelling in agricultural crops, in particular citrus trees. Interior orientation parameters (IOPs) was estimated using Agisoft Metashape target/software with a precision of 9 mm. A 3D reconstruction model of the orange orchard area was obtained with an accuracy of 3.8 cm, which can be considered acceptable for agricultural purposes.</p>
</abstract>
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