AN AUTOMATIC EXTRACTION METHOD FOR ANTARCTIC SUBGLACIAL LAKE BASED ON RADIO ECHO SOUNDING DATA

Abstract. Detection of subglacial lakes and interpretation their hydrological connectivity is of great importance to understanding the mass balance of Antarctic ice sheet. Over the past five decades, a large number of Radio Echo Sounding (RES) data has been collected in Antarctica. However, the identification of subglacial lakes based on RES data mainly relies on visual interpretation due to the lack of quantitative indicators for subglacial lakes distinguishing. To solve this problem, an automatic subglacial lakes detection method based on the reflective characteristics of B-scan echogram is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the echo strength of the original radar echogram is corrected for the dielectric attenuation and geometric spreading in the ice. Secondly, the original radar echogram is binarized to preserve the bright subglacial lake region, and the thickness of bright pixels is measured along the direction of A-scan. Thirdly, the thickness, the variance of the thickness in the neighbourhood and the corrected echo strength are used to obtain the response value for the subglacial lake. Finally, a threshold for the response value is determined to detect subglacial lakes. It is found that the proposed method can determine the location of the subglacial lake in Antarctica's Gamburtsev Province (AGAP) region with high accuracy.