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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2194-9034</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIX-B1-2026-17-2026</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Dynamic Shadow Removal and Quality Assessment of High-Resolution Orthophotos for Pavement Inspection</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Li</surname>
<given-names>Yueh-Che</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6028-0397</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Jhan</surname>
<given-names>Jyun-Ping</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Graduate Institute of A.I. Cross-disciplinary Technology, NTUST, Taiwan</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>22</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>XLIX-B1-2026</volume>
<fpage>17</fpage>
<lpage>23</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Yueh-Che Li</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLIX-B1-2026/17/2026/isprs-archives-XLIX-B1-2026-17-2026.html">This article is available from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLIX-B1-2026/17/2026/isprs-archives-XLIX-B1-2026-17-2026.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLIX-B1-2026/17/2026/isprs-archives-XLIX-B1-2026-17-2026.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLIX-B1-2026/17/2026/isprs-archives-XLIX-B1-2026-17-2026.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Traditional pavement inspection and data collection are often constrained by traffic conditions, operational safety, and equipment costs, making it difficult to achieve both efficiency and large-scale coverage. To address these limitations, this study employs a Pavement Roughness Index and Distress Extraction System (PRIDEs), which integrates high-resolution industrial cameras, high-precision global navigation satellite system (GNSS), wheel pulse sensors, and an onboard computer to acquire high-quality images under high-speed driving conditions. Using photogrammetry and computer vision techniques, camera poses are reconstructed to generate dense point clouds, digital surface models (DSMs), and orthophotos for detailed pavement distress analysis. However, the acquired imagery is affected by dynamic shadows and lens-focusing induced blur, resulting in ghosting artifacts and inconsistent orthophoto quality. To mitigate these issues, this study proposes a masking strategy during orthophoto generation, where U-Net is employed to detect shadow regions and Laplacian variance is used to identify blurred areas. By integrating these masks, more uniform and higher-quality orthophotos can be produced. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach effectively reduces false positives and false negatives of crack detection caused by shadows and blur, thereby improving the reliability of orthophotos for automated pavement condition assessment.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="7"/></counts>
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