<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/nlm-dtd/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2194-9034</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIX-B2-2026-327-2026</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Unifying Street Scene Point Cloud Semantic Segmentation with Deformable Mesh-based Neural Representation</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Zhou</surname>
<given-names>Yuzhou</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 2JD, UK</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>23</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>XLIX-B2-2026</volume>
<fpage>327</fpage>
<lpage>333</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Yuzhou Zhou</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLIX-B2-2026/327/2026/isprs-archives-XLIX-B2-2026-327-2026.html">This article is available from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLIX-B2-2026/327/2026/isprs-archives-XLIX-B2-2026-327-2026.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLIX-B2-2026/327/2026/isprs-archives-XLIX-B2-2026-327-2026.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLIX-B2-2026/327/2026/isprs-archives-XLIX-B2-2026-327-2026.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Accurate semantic segmentation of urban point clouds is important for applications such as urban planning and autonomous driving. Recently, neural scene representations have been extended to merge semantic information across modalities and spatial dimensions. While 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) enables efficient and high-quality reconstruction, its semantic understanding performance in street scenes is influenced by trajectory-constrained viewpoints, where Gaussian densification introduces occlusions and semantic ambiguity. This paper explores the use of NeRF-based neural representation for street scene point cloud semantic segmentation. Specifically, deformable neural mesh primitives (DNMPs) are used to compactly represent spatial geometry and simplify ray sampling. Then, neural fields including density, RGB, and semantics are constructed based on mesh vertex feature interpolation and MLPs. The sampled neural field values are accumulated via ray rendering and supervised using original images and corresponding semantic label maps generated by pre-trained models. Point cloud semantics are then predicted by interpolating neighboring samples within the learned field. The method is validated on the KITTI-360 and Waymo datasets. Results show that the proposed approach achieves improved semantic segmentation performance while maintaining competitive rendering quality, and supports both novel view synthesis and semantic rendering.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="7"/></counts>
</article-meta>
</front>
<body/>
<back>
</back>
</article>