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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2194-9034</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIX-B3-2026-205-2026</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Evaluating the Adaptation Potential of SAM2 for Glacier Segmentation in severe Weather</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Nagathihalli Lokesh</surname>
<given-names>Bindusara</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Duran Vergara</surname>
<given-names>Laura Camila</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6069-0766</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Maas</surname>
<given-names>Hans-Gerd</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9034-3469</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Eltner</surname>
<given-names>Anette</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2065-6245</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Institute of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Dresden University of Technology, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>XLIX-B3-2026</volume>
<fpage>205</fpage>
<lpage>212</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Bindusara Nagathihalli Lokesh et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLIX-B3-2026/205/2026/isprs-archives-XLIX-B3-2026-205-2026.html">This article is available from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLIX-B3-2026/205/2026/isprs-archives-XLIX-B3-2026-205-2026.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLIX-B3-2026/205/2026/isprs-archives-XLIX-B3-2026-205-2026.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLIX-B3-2026/205/2026/isprs-archives-XLIX-B3-2026-205-2026.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Ground based time lapse cameras provide continuous, high frequency observations of glacier dynamics; however, automated analysis of these image streams remains challenging due to fog, snowfall, lens contamination, and variable illumination. This study investigates the potential of adapting the foundation segmentation model Segment Anything Model 2 (SAM2) for glacier segmentation from ground-based monitoring. To enable integration into automated pipelines, SAM2 is configured in image mode with a learned prompt generation strategy, while fine-tuning is restricted to the prompt encoder and mask decoder. In addition, the internal Intersection over Union (IoU) prediction head is utilized as a confidence estimator to assess segmentation reliability. Experimental results demonstrate that the adapted model achieves stable segmentation under moderate environmental variability, while degrading under severe visibility loss. This stability is consistent across model scales and input resolutions. The confidence estimation further provides a meaningful signal for identifying uncertain predictions, supporting reliability-aware processing in downstream workflows.</p>
</abstract>
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