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<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2194-9034</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIX-B3-2026-33-2026</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>RSCDG: Remote Sensing Change/Damage Image Generator Based on Prior Foundation Model and Multimodal Reference Information</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Chen</surname>
<given-names>Peng</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Ma</surname>
<given-names>Guorui</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Zhang</surname>
<given-names>Haiming</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Wang</surname>
<given-names>Di</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Fan</surname>
<given-names>Lunjun</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>XLIX-B3-2026</volume>
<fpage>33</fpage>
<lpage>39</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Peng Chen et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLIX-B3-2026/33/2026/isprs-archives-XLIX-B3-2026-33-2026.html">This article is available from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLIX-B3-2026/33/2026/isprs-archives-XLIX-B3-2026-33-2026.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLIX-B3-2026/33/2026/isprs-archives-XLIX-B3-2026-33-2026.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLIX-B3-2026/33/2026/isprs-archives-XLIX-B3-2026-33-2026.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>In scenarios such as natural disasters, military conflicts, and rapid urban expansion, high-quality post-event remote sensing images are often difficult to obtain in a timely manner, limiting the training and application of change detection, damage assessment, and related interpretation models. To address this issue, this paper proposes RSCDG, a remote sensing change/damage image generation framework based on prior foundation models and multimodal reference information. Built on a pretrained latent diffusion model, RSCDG integrates three types of conditional information: a Pre-event Visual Prompt Adapter extracts structural priors from the pre-event image via Prithvi-EO-2.0 to preserve background stability in unchanged regions; a Spatial Location Control Pathway introduces the change/damage mask into a ControlNet branch to improve spatial precision; and a Generation Content Text Controller uses a CLIP text encoder to guide semantically consistent generation. In addition, a Mask Alignment Loss is introduced to align the change patterns of generated and real images under the supervision of a frozen change detection model. Experiments on the LEVIR-MCI change scenario and the CEBD earthquake damage scenario show that RSCDG consistently outperforms ControlNet. In the change scenario, it achieves an FID of 28.92, an IS of 9.62, and a KID of 0.0139; in the damage scenario, the corresponding values are 37.82, 8.05, and 0.0187, respectively. Ablation results further confirm the effectiveness of the Mask Alignment Loss. Overall, RSCDG provides a practical solution for post-event sample construction, change detection data augmentation, and controllable sample generation for damage assessment.</p>
</abstract>
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