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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2194-9034</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIX-B3-2026-915-2026</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Integrating Hyperspectral and Phenological Features for Cereals Mapping in a Mediterranean Region, Morocco</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Bourriz</surname>
<given-names>Mohamed</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9779-2926</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Laamrani</surname>
<given-names>Ahmed</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>El Bouanani</surname>
<given-names>Nadir</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6190-6131</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Elbarz</surname>
<given-names>Walid</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Ait Abdelali</surname>
<given-names>Hamd</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Bourzeix</surname>
<given-names>Francois</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0475-2504</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Chehbouni</surname>
<given-names>Abdelghani</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Center for Remote Sensing Applications (CRSA), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Campus Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Analytics Laboratory (A-Lab), UM6P, Campus Rabat 11103, Morocco</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Department of Geography, Jena 07743, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>Department of Geography, Environment &amp; Geomatics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff5">
<label>5</label>
<addr-line>Institut de recherche sur les forêts (IRF), Université du Québec en Abitibi-Temiscamingue (UQAT), 445 boul. de l’Université, Rouyn-Noranda, Québec J9X 5E4, Canada</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>XLIX-B3-2026</volume>
<fpage>915</fpage>
<lpage>921</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Mohamed Bourriz et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLIX-B3-2026/915/2026/isprs-archives-XLIX-B3-2026-915-2026.html">This article is available from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLIX-B3-2026/915/2026/isprs-archives-XLIX-B3-2026-915-2026.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLIX-B3-2026/915/2026/isprs-archives-XLIX-B3-2026-915-2026.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLIX-B3-2026/915/2026/isprs-archives-XLIX-B3-2026-915-2026.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Accurate mapping of winter cereals in fragmented agricultural landscapes remains challenging, as single-date spectral imagery captures only a snapshot of crop conditions, while temporal approaches alone may miss subtle biochemical and structural differences between crop types. This study proposes a hybrid framework integrating hyperspectral and phenology-informed features for winter cereal mapping in the Sa&amp;iuml;ss Plain, north-central Morocco. A Spectral Attention Module (SAM) was applied to EnMAP hyperspectral imagery to identify 29 informative narrow bands. In a second scenario, these spectral features were complemented with a Dynamic Time Warping (DTW)-based dissimilarity metric derived from Sentinel-2 Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) time series, measuring the similarity of each parcel&apos;s seasonal profile to a reference winter cereal trajectory. Three classifiers &amp;mdash; Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and TabPFN &amp;mdash; were evaluated using nested random (CV) and spatial cross-validation (SCV) to assess predictive performance and spatial generalization. The hyperspectral-only scenario already achieved high separability, with spatial ROC-AUC values reaching 0.95 for SVM and 0.93 for TabPFN. Adding the DTW-based dissimilarity feature improved robustness, particularly for RF, whose spatial ROC-AUC range shifted from 0.89 (SCV)&amp;ndash;0.98 (CV) to 0.91 (SCV)&amp;ndash;0.99 (CV). Overall, SVM remained the strongest model in spatial ROC-AUC, while the fused spectral&amp;ndash;temporal representation reduced low-performing cases and improved generalization under spatial validation. These findings demonstrate that combining attention-selected hyperspectral bands with a DTW-based temporal similarity metric provides an effective framework for winter cereal mapping in heterogeneous agricultural systems.</p>
</abstract>
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