Urban buildings are an important part of urban morphology, and building height has an important impact on the three-dimensional spatial morphology of cities. At present, research on the two-dimensional morphology of cities is relatively abundant, but there are fewer studies on the characteristics of the three-dimensional undulating morphology of cities and their spatial distribution patterns, and thus knowledge of the degree of utilization of the airspace above the city and its developmental pattern is still relatively lacking.Based on the multi-scale urban agglomeration, the landscape pattern is converted from two-dimensional to three-dimensional, and the overall spatial differentiation can be analyzed more intuitively. The purpose of this paper is to explore the three-dimensional spatial differentiation law of urban architectural landscape pattern. Through in-depth spatial analysis of the architectural landscape in urban areas, it is found that the landscape patterns in different areas show significant differences, and the interrelationship between them and the urban landscape pattern is revealed through the study of three-dimensional characteristics of urban buildings, such as height, density, form and layout. It is found that the different characteristics of urban buildings have a significant impact on the landscape pattern, which leads to the differentiation of urban space. This study provides more comprehensive spatial information for urban planning, contributes to a better understanding of the complexity of urban architectural landscapes, and provides a scientific basis for future urban design and planning.