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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2194-9034</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W12-2026-503-2026</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Plane-Intersection Reconstruction of Integrated Point Clouds toward Property Valuation-Oriented 3D Building Models</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Widyastuti</surname>
<given-names>Ratri</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Suwardhi</surname>
<given-names>Deni</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Hernandi</surname>
<given-names>Andri</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Siagian</surname>
<given-names>Darren A.P.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Murtiyoso</surname>
<given-names>Arnadi</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Remondino</surname>
<given-names>Fabio</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6097-5342</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Spatial System and Cadastral Research Group, Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Indonesia</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Geodesy &amp; Geomatic Eng. Undergraduate Programme, Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Indonesia</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, INSA Strasbourg, ICube Laboratory UMR 7357, Photogrammetry and Geomatics Group, 67000, Strasbourg, France</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>3D Optical Metrology (3DOM) Unit, Bruno Kessler Foundation (FBK), Trento, Italy</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>12</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>XLVIII-2/W12-2026</volume>
<fpage>503</fpage>
<lpage>509</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Ratri Widyastuti et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLVIII-2-W12-2026/503/2026/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W12-2026-503-2026.html">This article is available from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLVIII-2-W12-2026/503/2026/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W12-2026-503-2026.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLVIII-2-W12-2026/503/2026/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W12-2026-503-2026.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLVIII-2-W12-2026/503/2026/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W12-2026-503-2026.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Three-dimensional (3D) building models with a high level of geometric and semantic detail are increasingly required to support fiscal cadastral applications, such as property valuation and taxation. In dense urban environments, however, the availability of complete and high-quality 3D data remains limited, particularly for exterior wall information. This research proposes a rule-based 3D building reconstruction workflow using integrated Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-Light-Detection and Ranging (UAV-LiDAR) and terrestrial handheld scanner point clouds to generate building models with hanging roofs and explicit building elements. The proposed method combines region growing segmentation for roof and exterior wall extraction, planar surface reconstruction through plane fitting, and geometric primitive intersection to construct roof meshes and building envelopes. Roof geometry is reconstructed from planar roof components, while exterior wall points are used to adjust the building envelope and support hanging roof modelling. The resulting 3D building model is represented as separated elements, including roof, exterior walls, and floor surfaces, enabling element-based area calculation and cost estimation for fiscal cadastral purposes. Quantitative evaluation using point cloud-to-model distance analysis shows that the reconstruction accuracy falls within the commonly reported range for Level of Detail 2 (LoD2) building models, despite limitations caused by segmentation precision and parameter sensitivity of rule-based algorithms. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach provides a feasible solution for 3D building modelling in environments with incomplete data, while supporting transparent and assessment-oriented fiscal cadastral workflows.</p>
</abstract>
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