Since people and vehicles in the city are mostly concentrated in the area along the road, there are few researches on the spatiotemporal analysis of environmental factors in the street area. This paper mainly focuses on the spatial and temporal analysis theory of environmental factors based on geographically weighted regression model taking PM2.5 as an example, breaking through the temporal and spatial analysis method of environmental factors along the street constrained by the road network, a spatiotemporal analysis and prediction based on the weighted impact of the road network buffer area and neighboring stations is proposed. Taking the distribution of PM2.5 in Beijing as an example, an experiment was conducted to analyze the spatial and temporal characteristics of PM2.5 along the street to verify the accuracy and reliability of the method proposed in this paper. Further improve the geospatial scale of the spatiotemporal analysis of environmental factors to achieve more refined spatiotemporal prediction of environmental factors.