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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2194-9034</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-4-W13-2025-135-2025</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>UNS Geo: LiDAR Dataset for point cloud classification in urban areas</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Govedarica</surname>
<given-names>Miro</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1698-0800</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Jakovljevic</surname>
<given-names>Gordana</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Ruskoviski</surname>
<given-names>Igor</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Pajic</surname>
<given-names>Vladimir</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Faculty of Technical Science, University of Novi Sad, Dr. Zorana Đinđiča 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Dept. of Geodesy, Faculty of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy, University of Banja Luka, Bulevar vojvode Petra Bojevica 1, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>11</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>XLVIII-4/W13-2025</volume>
<fpage>135</fpage>
<lpage>141</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2025 Miro Govedarica et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2025</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLVIII-4-W13-2025/135/2025/isprs-archives-XLVIII-4-W13-2025-135-2025.html">This article is available from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLVIII-4-W13-2025/135/2025/isprs-archives-XLVIII-4-W13-2025-135-2025.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLVIII-4-W13-2025/135/2025/isprs-archives-XLVIII-4-W13-2025-135-2025.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLVIII-4-W13-2025/135/2025/isprs-archives-XLVIII-4-W13-2025-135-2025.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>The classification of the urban point cloud is an essential task for numerous applications, including mapping, 3D urban modelling, etc.. Although in the last few years, different methodologies and algorithms have been proposed, precise and detailed point cloud labelling is still challenging. Publicly available annotated benchmark datasets have become the standard for the evaluation of algorithms&apos; performance; however, most focus on data acquired from mobile or terrestrial laser scanners. In this paper, we introduce UNS Geo, a dense Aerial Laser Scanning (ALS) point cloud dataset consisting of 5.4 million manually annotated points across 8 semantic classes. To validate the performance of our dataset, the labelled point cloud is used for training the state-of-the-art networks (i.e. PointNet, PointNet++). Moreover, since UNS Geo includes the RGB per point information, the influence of spectral information on classification results is evaluated. The results demonstrate that UNS Geo effectively supports the training of deep learning models, highlighting its potential for advancing research in urban point cloud classification. The dataset is publicly available at: https://github.com/mirogovedarica/UNS-Geo.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="7"/></counts>
</article-meta>
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