Freshwater bodies like Taal Lake play a pivotal role in providing essential resources like fresh drinking water and in supporting local livelihoods. This study aimed to examine the environmental conditions of Taal Lake by quantifying chlorophyll-a (chl-a) and turbidity levels with Water Colour Simulator (WASI) and water quality indices, specifically with Sentinel-2 and PRISMA imagery. The results from the satellite image-derived data revealed discernible variations in chlorophyll-a and turbidity concentrations across different regions of Taal Lake. Higher chlorophyll-a was consistently observed in the western regions (1.3–5.9 μg/L for Sentinel-2; 1.4–5.4 μg/L for PRISMA), while lower concentrations were found in the south (1.7–3.4 μg/L for Sentinel-2; 1.9–3.3 μg/L for PRISMA). Meanwhile, turbidity values were higher in the eastern and northeastern parts (0.15–0.59 mg/L for Sentinel-2; 0.13–0.51 mg/L for PRISMA). Water quality indices (NDTI & NDCI) also supported these findings. The findings of this comparative analysis between PRISMA hyperspectral and Sentinel-2 multispectral imagery demonstrate the potential of both satellite systems in providing valuable insights into the spatial distribution of water quality parameters in Taal Lake. Nonetheless, discrepancies observed in the scatter plots and inversion failures in PRISMA underscore the need for further research and refinement in utilizing PRISMA data with the WASI model. This study highlights the significance of freshwater bodies and the importance of monitoring their health for the well-being of communities and the environment.