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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2194-9034</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-M-10-2025-71-2026</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Linking Educational Attainment and Urban Green Equity through GIS in East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana, United States of America (USA)</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Annan</surname>
<given-names>Kingsford Kobina</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9693-8844</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Ning</surname>
<given-names>Zhu H.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Twumasi</surname>
<given-names>Yaw A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Armah</surname>
<given-names>Recheal N. D.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Aniewu</surname>
<given-names>Daniel</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Osei</surname>
<given-names>Jeff Dacosta</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Gyan</surname>
<given-names>Dorcas Twumwaa</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Dadzie</surname>
<given-names>Esi</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Annan</surname>
<given-names>Alice</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Loh</surname>
<given-names>Priscilla M.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Department of Urban Forestry, Environment, and Natural Resources, Southern University and A&amp;M College, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Department of Basic Education, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Central Region, Ghana</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>XLVIII-M-10-2025</volume>
<fpage>71</fpage>
<lpage>75</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Kingsford Kobina Annan et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLVIII-M-10-2025/71/2026/isprs-archives-XLVIII-M-10-2025-71-2026.html">This article is available from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLVIII-M-10-2025/71/2026/isprs-archives-XLVIII-M-10-2025-71-2026.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLVIII-M-10-2025/71/2026/isprs-archives-XLVIII-M-10-2025-71-2026.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLVIII-M-10-2025/71/2026/isprs-archives-XLVIII-M-10-2025-71-2026.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Urban tree canopy represents a critical component of urban environmental systems, contributing to local climate regulation, ecosystem services, and community well-being. However, canopy coverage and its persistence often vary among neighborhoods. This study evaluates the spatial and temporal relationship between adult educational attainment and urban tree canopy cover in East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana, from 2010 to 2023. High-resolution remote sensing data were integrated with census tract&amp;ndash;level educational indicators using geographic information systems to map annual canopy cover, assess canopy change, and compare outcomes across education categories. Results show that canopy loss was unevenly distributed and that the rate of decline increased after 2014. Areas with lower educational attainment had consistently lower baseline canopy cover and greater canopy reduction over time, while areas with higher educational levels retained more stable canopy coverage. These results suggest that canopy change in East Baton Rouge Parish followed a non-linear pattern, with accelerated decline in recent years. The findings highlight the relevance of educational attainment as a social factor influencing urban vegetation outcomes and underscore the need for planning strategies that promote balanced environmental conditions across communities.</p>
</abstract>
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