ISPRS-Archives The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ISPRS-Archives Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci. 2194-9034 Copernicus Publications Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-M-2-2023-413-2023 THE SURVEY OF THE USE OF VR AND AR AT IMMOVABLE TANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE TOURISM IN CHINA Chen D. 1 Zhang Z. 1 Hou M. 2 Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation, Columbia University, New York City, the United States School of Geomatics and Urban Information, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, China 24 06 2023 XLVIII-M-2-2023 413 420 Copyright: © 2023 D. Chen et al. 2023 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This article is available from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLVIII-M-2-2023/413/2023/isprs-archives-XLVIII-M-2-2023-413-2023.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLVIII-M-2-2023/413/2023/isprs-archives-XLVIII-M-2-2023-413-2023.pdf

This paper focuses on VR/AR applications in immovable tangible cultural heritage (ITCH) tourism by considering both academic research and cases in the XR industry. The goal is to understand how VR/AR can be used to present heritage information to the public. A framework is developed, including the purpose of using the technology, hardware, software, and user experience to have an overall understanding of VR/AR applications. Cases collected based on the framework are divided into four heritage types to answer the following questions: under a certain heritage context, what is the commonly used technology, is there a correlation between the purpose of using VR/AR, the enabling technology, and the user experience, and is there a difference in the concentration point between academia and the XR industry in China.