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Articles | Volume XLVIII-M-6-2025
Articles | Volume XLVIII-M-6-2025
https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-M-6-2025-1-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-M-6-2025-1-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume XLVIII-M-6-2025
19 May 2025
 | 19 May 2025

3D Geoinformation – Then and Now

Alias Abdul Rahman, Ainn Zamzuri, and Hanis Rashidan

Keywords: 3D Geoinformation, Spatial Data Structures, Spatial Data Modelling, CityGML, LADM, 3D Visualization

Abstract. This paper discusses the trends of 3D geoinformation from past (1990s) to present. It highlights the initial 3D GIS research frameworks in the aspect of 3D spatial data acquisition, processing, databases, visualization, standards, and exchange formats. Several important R&D stages are described as well as CityGML, CityJSON, INTERLIS, and LADM standards. The paper also discusses some challenges faced by the 3D GIS users and community. Finally, the paper concludes the 3D GIS ability for supporting various applications.

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How to cite. Abdul Rahman, A., Zamzuri, A., and Rashidan, H.: 3D Geoinformation – Then and Now, Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-M-6-2025, 1–7, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-M-6-2025-1-2025, 2025.