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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ISPRS-Archives</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2194-9034</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>ISPRS</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/isprsarchives-XXXIX-B7-235-2012</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>ALBEDO PATTERN RECOGNITION AND TIME-SERIES ANALYSES IN MALAYSIA</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Salleh</surname>
<given-names>S. A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Abd Latif</surname>
<given-names>Z.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Wan Mohd</surname>
<given-names>W. M. N.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Chan</surname>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Center for Surveying Science and Geomatics Studies, Faculty of Architecture Planning and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Campus Semenyih, Jalan Broga, Selangor, Malaysia</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>31</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>XXXIX-B7</volume>
<fpage>235</fpage>
<lpage>240</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2012 S. A. Salleh et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2012</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
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<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XXXIX-B7/235/2012/isprs-archives-XXXIX-B7-235-2012.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XXXIX-B7/235/2012/isprs-archives-XXXIX-B7-235-2012.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Pattern recognition and time-series analyses will enable one to evaluate and generate predictions of specific phenomena. The albedo
pattern and time-series analyses are very much useful especially in relation to climate condition monitoring. This study is conducted
to seek for Malaysia albedo pattern changes. The pattern recognition and changes will be useful for variety of environmental and
climate monitoring researches such as carbon budgeting and aerosol mapping. The 10 years (2000&amp;ndash;2009) MODIS satellite images
were used for the analyses and interpretation. These images were being processed using ERDAS Imagine remote sensing software,
ArcGIS 9.3, the 6S code for atmospherical calibration and several MODIS tools (MRT, HDF2GIS, Albedo tools). There are several
methods for time-series analyses were explored, this paper demonstrates trends and seasonal time-series analyses using converted
HDF format MODIS MCD43A3 albedo land product. The results revealed significance changes of albedo percentages over the past
10 years and the pattern with regards to Malaysia&apos;s nebulosity index (NI) and aerosol optical depth (AOD). There is noticeable trend
can be identified with regards to its maximum and minimum value of the albedo. The rise and fall of the line graph show a similar
trend with regards to its daily observation. The different can be identified in term of the value or percentage of rises and falls of
albedo. Thus, it can be concludes that the temporal behavior of land surface albedo in Malaysia have a uniform behaviours and
effects with regards to the local monsoons. However, although the average albedo shows linear trend with nebulosity index, the
pattern changes of albedo with respects to the nebulosity index indicates that there are external factors that implicates the albedo
values, as the sky conditions and its diffusion plotted does not have uniform trend over the years, especially when the trend of 5
years interval is examined, 2000 shows high negative linear trend relationship (&lt;i&gt;R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt; = 0.8017), while in 2005 the &lt;i&gt;R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/i&gt;is 0.4428 of
positive linear trend relationship and in 2009 its negative relationship has remarkably change when the &lt;i&gt;R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt; is 0.9663 according to the
second order polynomial trend line.</p>
</abstract>
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