IDENTIFYING AND MAPPING OF SLUMS IN PUNE CITY USING GEOSPATIAL TECHNIQUES

Abstract. In India, rapid growth of slums in urban areas, especially in metropolitan cities, has become a major problem for the planners and decision-makers. The slum expansion is mainly due to the rural-urban migration and pressure of the population on un-used, un-protected, and un-suitable public land. It leads to many issues like poverty, unemployment, lack of access to clean water, lack of durable housing, traffic congestion, environmental pollution, insufficient living area, inadequate sanitation, scarcity of land, inappropriate land use, skyrocketing land value and insecure tenure, etc. Planning controls are usually ineffective in slum areas due to lack of timely information and people having little regard for such things in the absence of any other alternative. In most of the municipal bodies, proper updated information/map of slums are not available, which, create a problem in the decision-making process. Thus, there is an imperative need to resolve above-mentioned issues with the help of Geospatial techniques. This paper aims to identify and mapping of slums in Pune City using Geospatial techniques. The slums were identified based on high-resolution satellite images such as Resourcesat-2 (LISS-IV) data with the help of visual interpretation and standard image processing techniques, i.e., image rectification, enhancement, and classification. Afterward, the database was created and labeled with the help of the GIS tool. In Pune, there is around 40 percent of the urban population resides in slums. Such a large proportion of slum population also adds to the burden of already scarce resources and on overall urban infrastructure. The entire slum population of the city was accommodated in a total of 477 slums of which 238 and 239 were declared and undeclared slums respectively. The most of the slums in Pune mainly occurred in the central part due to natural increases as well as migration. But, the peripheral areas it’s happen due to vacant land/open areas along to river, canal, railway line and hill slope. The study reveals that more than 200 slums are located near environmentally sensitive areas and encroachment activities are increased in southern part of the city i.e., Ambegaon Bk., Vithhal Nagar and Warje areas.