ESTIMATING CONTRIBUTION OF WATER FLOW COMPONENTS TO KAMENG RIVER BASIN USING HYDROLOGICAL MODELLING

The South Asian Summer Monsoon (SASM) gets most of its moisture from the Bay of Bengal due to its proximity and high sea surface temperature (SST). While the mechanical relationship between Bay of Bengal SST and SASM rainfall is understood, short-term climate events like ENSO obscure this in modern records. This study shows the connection between Bay of Bengal SST and SASM rainfall during Interglacial and Last Glacial periods using millennial-scale data that excludes these short-term influences.

The South Asian Pollution Experiment-2018 utilized access to 3 strategically located atmospheric receptor observatories. These observational constraints revealed opposite trends during long-range transport in BC-MAC and BrC-MAC. Models estimating the climate effects of particularly BC aerosols may have underestimated the ambient BC-MAC over distant and extensive receptor areas, which could contribute to the discrepancy between aerosol absorption predicted by models constrained by observations.

We present a 3D data set of aerosol black carbon over the Indian mainland by assimilating data from surface, aircraft, and balloon measurements, along with multi-satellite observations. Radiative transfer computations using height-resolved aerosol absorption show higher warming in the free troposphere and will have large implications for atmospheric stability. This data set will help reduce the uncertainty in aerosol radiative effects in climate model simulations over the Indian region.