Indoor Localization in Commercial 5G Environment with Single BS

Abstract. As commercial 5G systems rapidly expand, indoor positioning using 5G signals holds great potential for serving a large number of users. In this paper, an effective fingerprint solution is proposed for indoor positioning with 5G signal base station by exploring the multi-beam property. Multi-beam channel state information (CSI) and multi-beam reference signal received power (RSRP) are used as the observations for fingerprinting. To assess the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, field tests were conducted across various indoor environments. The results showed that the positioning accuracy is improved by more than 45% compared with the single beam by using the multi-beam characteristics of the 5G signal. Based on the multi-beam RSRP, the proposed scheme can achieve a positioning error of 67% below 1 meter. In the awareness of the two typical indoor deployments of 5G systems, i.e., the digital indoor distribution (DID) and the distributed antenna system (DAS), the paper also compared the 5G positioning performance in these two scenarios. The field tests showed that, the multi-beam in DID has more features than in DAS, which lead to a better positioning performance than that in DAS.