The Evolution of Urbanization in Dodoma: A 21-Year Spatial Assessment

Abstract. This preliminary study investigates the rapid urbanization of Dodoma, the Capital City of the Republic of Tanzania, over 21 years (1997–2018). The rapid urbanization of cities worldwide is leading to significant changes in land use and land cover patterns, particularly in emerging urban centers. Monitoring the spatial and temporal dynamics of these changes is essential for effective urban planning and sustainable development. Using time-series Landsat satellite data, the study examines the spatial expansion of urban areas and the resulting changes to the landscape in Dodoma. The Urban Expansion Intensity Index (UEII) and Shannon’s Entropy Index (SEI) were applied to assess the extent and patterns of urban growth. The results indicate that Dodoma has undergone rapid urbanization, with the northern region showing an SEI of 0.439 and the southern region an SEI of 0.371 between 1997 and 2018. Additionally, Sorenson’s UEII coefficient reveals an urban growth rate of approximately 9,131 hectares over the same period, with a coefficient value of 0.224. These findings are significant for the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 11 (SDG-11), which advocates for the development of sustainable cities and communities. The study emphasizes the need for comprehensive federal policies to monitor urban dynamics and safeguard ecological resources as Dodoma and other emerging cities across Tanzania continue to expand.