MHSRS²F-V2: A New-Generation Multidirectional Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Simulation Facility for HCRF Measurement

Abstract. This paper introduces MHSRS²F-V2, a new-generation indoor facility for multidirectional hyperspectral remote sensing simulation and HCRF measurement. Built around an 8 m-diameter hemispherical lamp array, the facility integrates the solar simulation, skylight simulation, observation simulation, scene simulation, and integrated control subsystems. Hybrid illumination units provide broadband illumination over 350–2500 nm, with spectral correlation coefficients of approximately 0.928 and 0.912 for simulated sunlight and skylight, respectively. The facility supports coupled solar-skylight illumination, multidirectional observation, complex-scene construction, and both imaging and non-imaging payloads. Push-broom experiments produced spatially resolved HCRF image cubes of a physical sand-table scene and undisturbed rock samples, while multiangular ASD measurements revealed wavelength-dependent reflectance anisotropy. The results demonstrate the capability of MHSRS²F-V2 for controlled HCRF measurement and physical simulation of airborne and spaceborne hyperspectral remote sensing.