The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences
Publications Copernicus

Volume XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 2025 | ISPRS WG II/7
3D Underwater Mapping from Above and Below – 3rd International Workshop

8–11 July 2025, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
Editor(s): Gottfried Mandlburger, Laure-Anne Gueguen, Jan Rhomberg-Kauert, Fabio Menna, and Erica Nocerino

Volume XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 2025 | ISPRS WG II/7
3D Underwater Mapping from Above and Below – 3rd International Workshop

8–11 July 2025, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
Editor(s): Gottfried Mandlburger, Laure-Anne Gueguen, Jan Rhomberg-Kauert, Fabio Menna, and Erica Nocerino
07 Jul 2025
Multi-scale Transformer-based classification of bathymetric LiDAR data in shallow water environments
Lida Asgharian Pournodrati, Mohammad Mahdi Baba, Jannis Gangelhoff, and Uwe Sörgel
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 1–6, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-1-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-1-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Accurate Mapping of an Extended Shell Bed Area in the North Sea with Multi-spectral Multibeam Backscatter Data
Qian Bai, Sebastiaan Mestdagh, Alireza Amiri-Simkooei, Thaiënne van Dijk, and Mirjam Snellen
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 7–12, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-7-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-7-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Advanced Bathymetric Survey Using The Yellowscan Navigator: Applications in Erosion and Soil Movement Tracking
Johann Berthelot, Alexandre Gintz, Pol Kennel, Nassim Doukkali, and Tristan Allouis
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 13–18, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-13-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-13-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
3D Reconstruction of Underwater Shipwrecks: 3D Gaussian Splatting and Structure from Motion for the Melania shipwreck
Dario Billi, Valeria Croce, Andrea Piemonte, and Gabriella Caroti
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 19–25, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-19-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-19-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Smart solutions for underwater 3D exploration and SLAM – possibilities and limitations
Christian Bräuer-Burchardt, Martin Hubold, Matthias Heinze, Peter Kühmstedt, and Gunther Notni
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 27–32, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-27-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-27-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Calibration Strategies for Optical Underwater 3D-Scanners
Christian Bräuer-Burchardt, Roland Ramm, Matthias Heinze, Peter Kühmstedt, and Gunther Notni
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 33–38, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-33-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-33-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Analysis of refraction aware Neural Radiance Fields for 3D reconstruction of through the water scenes
Markus Brezovsky, Anatol Günthner, Frederik Schulte, Lukas Winiwarter, Boris Jutzi, and Gottfried Mandlburger
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 39–45, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-39-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-39-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Underwater synthetic image generation for multi-temporal monitoring of crustose coralline algae
Alessio Calantropio, Alessia Giaquinto, Silvio Del Pizzo, Fabio Menna, and Erica Nocerino
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 47–54, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-47-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-47-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Accurate reference for shallow water bathymetry using a tilt-compensating dual-prism pole and time-synchronized robotic total stations
Lucas Dammert, Jan Rhomberg-Kauert, Tomas Thalmann, Laure-Anne Gueguen, David Monetti, Hans-Berndt Neuner, and Gottfried Mandlburger
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 55–62, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-55-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-55-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Integrating 3D Reconstruction and AR for Enhancing Visitor Experience in Submerged Heritage Sites
Santina Fortuna, Antonio Lagudi, Luigi Scarfone, Barbara Davidde, Fabio Bruno, and Loris Barbieri
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 63–69, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-63-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-63-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Surface and Subsurface Hydrodynamics of Inland Wetlands in Brazil: Integrating High-Resolution Remote Sensing and Hydrogeophysics
Lucas Moreira Furlan, César Augusto Moreira, and Vânia Silvia Rosolen
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 71–77, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-71-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-71-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Automatic Extraction and Counting of Fish from Underwater Videos Using YOLO-Based Deep Learning Algorithms
Francesca Gallitto, Andrea Maria Lingua, Francesca Matrone, Filiberto Chiabrando, Xinchen Li, Silvia Secco, Alessandro Acierno, and Massimiliano Scalici
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 79–86, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-79-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-79-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Underwater Digital Twin of Yuba Island: Mapping a Large-Scale Marine Ecosystem through Photogrammetry and 3D Modeling
Christoph Gerigk
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 87–94, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-87-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-87-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Combining imaging sonar and photogrammetry for underwater object localization and mapping
Michael Grömer, Benjamin Wild, Camillo Ressl, Johannes Otepka, and Gottfried Mandlburger
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 95–100, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-95-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-95-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Evaluation of Depth Anything Models for Satellite-Derived Bathymetry
Esra Günaydın, İrem Yakar, Tolga Bakırman, and Mahmut Oğuz Selbesoğlu
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 101–106, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-101-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-101-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Exploring the Potential of Refractive NeRFs for Photogrammetric Bathymetry - First Application to UAV-based Data from the Pielach River
Anatol Günthner, Markus Brezovsky, Frederik Schulte, Lukas Winiwarter, Gottfried Mandlburger, and Boris Jutzi
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 107–114, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-107-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-107-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Evaluation of ULS Bathymetry for Hydrodynamic Modelling
Joseph C. Haines, Maria V. Peppa, Christos Iliadis, Jon P. Mills, Vassilis Glenis, and Gottfried Mandlburger
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 115–122, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-115-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-115-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Laboratory-based assessment of the Underwater Laser Scanner ULi
Ellen Heffner, Annika L. Walter, Annette Scheider, and Harald Sternberg
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 123–129, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-123-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-123-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Airborne and UAV-borne Laser Bathymetry applied to a mountain river reach
Theresa Himmelsbach, Jan Rhomberg-Kauert, Gottfried Mandlburger, Wolfgang Dobler, Bernhard Gems, and Markus Aufleger
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 131–138, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-131-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-131-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Clear Waters, Stronger Depths: Advancing Bathymetric Lidar Through Community Practices
Nicholas D. Johnson, Jennifer M. Wozencraft, and Christopher L. Macon
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 139–146, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-139-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-139-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Digital twins for the sustainable maintenance of ageing waterway infrastructure
Berit Jost, Karsten Holste, and Christian Hesse
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 147–153, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-147-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-147-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Monitoring a flooded open-cast mine with combining remote sensing techniques
Paulina Kujawa, Jaroslaw Wajs, Damian Kasza, and Fabio Remondino
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 155–161, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-155-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-155-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Low-Constraint Ray Optimization for Photogrammetric Shallow Water Bathymetry
Christoph Liebender, Pascal Meyer, Michael Bleier, and Andreas Nüchter
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 163–168, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-163-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-163-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Least-Squares-Based Deep Learning for Sentinel-2 Derived Bathymetry: A Case Study on Anegada’s Southern Coast
Yushan Liu, Alireza Amiri-Simkooei, Roderik Lindenbergh, and Mirjam Snellen
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 169–176, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-169-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-169-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Underwater hyperspectral imagery for Posidonia oceanica mapping: challenges and preliminary results from the POSEIDON Project
Valeria Longhi, Nives Grasso, Paolo Felice Maschio, Fabio Menna, Arianna Pansini, Andrea Maria Lingua, Filiberto Chiabrando, Erica Nocerino, Giulia Ceccherelli, and Sabrina Rossi
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 177–184, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-177-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-177-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
New Approaches in Photo-Bathymetry
Hans-Gerd Maas, Hannes Sardemann, Christian Mulsow, Laure-Anne Gueguen, and Gottfried Mandlburger
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 185–190, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-185-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-185-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Experimenting with learning-based image orientation approaches for photogrammetric mapping of Posidonia oceanica meadows
Fabio Menna, Alessio Calantropio, Arianna Pansini, Giulia Ceccherelli, and Erica Nocerino
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 191–198, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-191-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-191-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
A Comparative Analysis of Refraction-Aware SfM, Hierarchical Localization, and Gaussian Splatting for Underwater 3D Reconstruction
Fickrie Muhammad, Rifakhryza A. Mugiaraya, Gabriella Alodia, and Harald Sternberg
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 199–206, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-199-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-199-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Underwater optical metrology for precision monitoring of marine habitats: the MANATEE project
Erica Nocerino, Fabio Menna, Alessio Calantropio, Federico Pinna, Silvio Del Pizzo, Simone Farina, Alessia Giaquinto, Alessandro Lambertini, Massimiliano Menghini, Shahriar Mokhtari, Federica Ragazzola, Salvatore Troisi, and Luca Vittuari
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 207–214, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-207-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-207-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
TPU Estimation for Bathymetric LiDAR
Martin Pfennigbauer, Alexander Haring, Ursula Riegl, and Andrea Spitzer
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 215–221, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-215-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-215-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Underwater Mapping in Shallow Coastal Waters Using MBES and Photogrammetry: Applications in Archaeology and Marine Habitat Monitoring
Sašo Poglajen and Mojca Poklar
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 223–229, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-223-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-223-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Database Federation for Spatial Digital Twins with Semantically Enhanced Data Processing: A use case of Mission Mjøsa
Sajith Ranatunga, Rune Strand Ødegård, Erling Onstein, and Knut Jetlund
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 231–237, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-231-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-231-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Optical hydrography for seasonal and flood-induced changes in aquatic vegetation
Jan Rhomberg-Kauert, Lucas Dammert, Michael Grömer, Martin Pfennigbauer, and Gottfried Mandlburger
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 239–246, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-239-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-239-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Detection and documentation of a submerged neolithic pile dwelling settlement using airborne laser bathymetry and multimedia photogrammetry - A case study at lake Mondsee
Katharina Riederer, David Simböck, and Gottfried Mandlburger
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 247–254, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-247-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-247-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Evaluating Interior Orientation Estimability in Multimedia Photogrammetry - A practical guide on object-invariant bundles
Robin Rofallski, Amandine Colson, and Thomas Luhmann
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 255–262, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-255-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-255-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Automated marker detection and time series analysis for through-water photogrammetry
Michele Russo, Luca Martelli, Roberta Ravanelli, and Agnese Pini
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 263–270, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-263-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-263-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Simulation and validation of underwater scenes for two-media optical 3D reconstruction
Frederik Schulte, Markus Brezovsky, Anatol Günthner, Boris Jutzi, Gottfried Mandlburger, and Lukas Winiwarter
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 271–278, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-271-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-271-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Photogrammetry and Traditional Bathymetry for High-Resolution Underwater Mapping in Shallow Waters
Alessandra Spadaro, Filiberto Chiabrando, Andrea Lingua, and Paolo Maschio
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 279–286, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-279-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-279-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Development and Deployment of THEIA: A Compact Underwater Multispectral Imaging System
Sotiris Spanos, Christos Antoniou, Valsamis Ntouskos, Angelos Mallios, Paraskevi Nomikou, and Konstantinos Karantzalos
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 287–294, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-287-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-287-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Underwater Heritage documentation using photogrammetry: the CRAB system
Beatrice Tanduo, Edward Borgogno, Filiberto Chiabrando, Francesca Gallitto, Stefania Manca, Paolo Maschio, and Andrea Lingua
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 295–302, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-295-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-295-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
3D Acoustic Remote Sensing mapping of the Underwater Cultural Heritage in the Marine Protected Area of Baia submerged Park (Bay of Pozzuoli, Southern Italy)
Crescenzo Violante, Nicodemo Abate, Daniele Ferdani, Nicola Masini, Enrico Gallocchio, Alfonsina Pagano, and Fabio Pagano
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 303–308, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-303-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-303-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
The Impact of a Deep Learning Self-Adaptive Colour Restoration Pipeline for Deep Underwater Images in 3D Reconstruction
Marinos Vlachos, Dimitrios Skarlatos, and Stella Demesticha
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 309–315, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-309-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-309-2025, 2025
07 Jul 2025
Enhancing 3D Reconstructions in Underwater Environments: The Impact of Image Enhancement on Model Quality
Alexandros Vrochidis, Dimitrios Tzovaras, and Stelios Krinidis
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W10-2025, 317–324, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-317-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-317-2025, 2025
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