The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences
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Articles | Volume XLVIII-M-9-2025
https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-M-9-2025-1043-2025
https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-M-9-2025-1043-2025
02 Oct 2025
 | 02 Oct 2025

4D World Viewers as Multi-user Content Management Systems

Sander Münster, Jonas Bruschke, Vaibhav Rajan, Dávid Komorowicz, Rebecca Preßler, and Dominik Ukolov

Keywords: Digital History, Cultural Heritage, Digital 3D Modelling, Image Matching, Virtual City Tours

Abstract. Since 2016, our group has developed a modular 4D world web-visualisation software framework for both mobile and desktop devices. A major challenge is to obtain and compile 4D world models at large scale. This article proposes to (a) highlight our data retrieval pipeline and (b) geolocalisation as both rough and fine positioning as well as (c) 3D data processing to blend 3D assets with digital elevation models for seamless 3D environments. Main results include a validation of different approaches for rough and fine level geolocalisation by using Large Language and Vision Language Models as well as key point matchers and a preprocessing of 3D assets to generate 3D environments. The article shows results from the validation of these pipelines with ground-truth material taken from our datasets of 75,000 3D mesh models and 1.5 M images.

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