Place-based Virtual Reconstruction of Heritage Soundscape: A Case Study of Magoksa Temple, UNESCO World Heritage Sites of Korea

Abstract. This study addresses the challenge of creating culturally resonant digital heritage by investigating user-driven virtual reconstructions of soundscapes. Focusing on Magoksa Temple, a Korean UNESCO World Heritage site, we employed a place-based interactive system where users could manipulate distinct sonic layers—ritual, architectural, natural, and visitor-related—to construct their preferred auditory environment. The research aimed to identify user priorities and uncover the factors that mediate a meaningful cultural experience. Findings reveal that users curate an idealized soundscape, prioritizing culturally significant sounds while filtering social background sound. Critically, the results show a distinct divergence between interaction and comprehension; while the system was highly engaging for all participants, achieving culturally meaningful experience was contingent upon their pre-existing cultural knowledge. This research provides empirical grounding for future heritage design, arguing that moving beyond sensory immersion to include integrated interpretive layers is essential for conveying intangible cultural value to diverse audiences.