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Articles | Volume XLVIII-2/W10-2025
https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-287-2025
https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W10-2025-287-2025
07 Jul 2025
 | 07 Jul 2025

Development and Deployment of THEIA: A Compact Underwater Multispectral Imaging System

Sotiris Spanos, Christos Antoniou, Valsamis Ntouskos, Angelos Mallios, Paraskevi Nomikou, and Konstantinos Karantzalos

Keywords: Underwater imaging, 3D imaging, Multispectral imaging, Stereo vision, Photogrammetry

Abstract. We present THEIA, a novel underwater 3D multispectral imaging system. THEIA integrates a 4MP multispectral field array camera and a high-resolution RGB stereo camera pair in a specially built underwater housing to simultaneously capture spectral and depth information. This enables detailed spectral mapping and 3D reconstructions of underwater scenes. High resolution multispectral images are obtained via a Deep Image Prior-based demosaicing algorithm that enhances the multispectral data resolution without relying on external training. Stereo imaging provides depth cues for performing radiance correction. By suitably adapting Gaussian Splat-based 3D reconstruction methods, THEIA generates high-fidelity multispectral 3D models. Successful field trials at the Kolumbo underwater volcano validate the system’s reliability and potential for applications in marine science and beyond.

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