Dynamic change of Ice Flow Velocity in Holmes Glacier Since the 1970s

We combined a long-term surface deformation dataset derived from multi-frequency Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar with streamflow recession analysis to assess potential destruction effects of historic mining on permafrost in the Qilian Mountains. Results show that post-mining surface deformation intensifies alongside marked recession slowdown, signaling permafrost thaw. These findings highlight long-lasting effects of human disturbance on permafrost degradation under regional warming.

We propose an innovative multi-satellite DEM adjustment model (MDAM) that removes biases in elevation between sub-DEMs across ice shelves. Our results reveal quantitative 3D structural and mélange features of a ~50 km long rift. For first time, we found that while the mélange elevation decreased from 2014–2021, the mélange inside the rift experienced a rapid expansion, attributing to newly calved shelf ice from rift walls, associated rift widening, and other rift-mélange interaction factors.